Immersive technologies are transforming both learning and the workplace, finding applications in an increasingly wide range of fields. In medical education, particularly in surgery, Mixed Reality (MR) makes it possible to simulate complex procedures within highly realistic environments. The Extended Reality (XR) market is rapidly expanding, with a projected annual growth rate of 32.9% from 2024 to 2030, according to a report by Grand View Research. This growth is being driven by the adoption of advanced technologies across various sectors, including healthcare, where companies like ours are developing innovative solutions for virtual surgical training.
In this context, we created AR Suture Training, a proof of concept (PoC) that led to the development of an augmented reality training system designed to improve surgical suturing skills in an immersive and interactive environment. The project originated from a thesis and internship pathway proposed by Donatella Vecchione and developed by Lorenza Sabatino, with the support of Salvatore Dorner. It was later expanded through a thesis by Stefania Punzo, who explored the transition to a virtual reality (VR) version, overcoming some technical limitations and further enhancing the training experience. Today, this project marks a step forward in integrating XR into medical training.
To learn more, we asked Lorenza Sabatino to share her experience.
How does AR Suture Training enhance surgical education?
Thanks to the AR headset “HoloLens 2,” users can practice on a virtual model of a lower limb, reconstructed from real CT scans. The training experience follows a structured path that includes incision and suturing using realistic surgical tools, along with real-time feedback. This approach improves both precision and safety in surgical practice.
What technologies were used to develop the project?
The key component is the Mixed Reality headset, which allows the anatomical model to be visualized and interacted with as if it were real. The procedure can be repeated as many times as needed. The platform was developed using Unity and Visual Studio, with C# as the main programming language, ensuring advanced graphics and smooth user interaction.
What are the main strengths and potential challenges of this solution?
One major advantage is the ability to practice without time limits, risks, or ethical concerns, while reducing the need for expensive resources. High-fidelity 3D models improve precision, and real-time feedback helps build proper technique. It’s an accessible, scalable solution that expands surgical training beyond traditional methods. The main challenge, for now, lies in the availability of advanced MR devices, which may not yet be within reach for all institutions.
Where do things stand today?
We’ve received excellent feedback, especially during events like Medica Fair, which confirms the value of the project. To make the experience even more realistic and intuitive, we’re exploring new technological integrations, such as 3D scanning. We’re also looking into XR applications in other fields, such as aerospace, to expand the range of possible uses.
What’s next?
Beyond surgery, XR holds great potential in areas like telemedicine, interventional radiology, and rehabilitation. We’re exploring how to integrate it into digital hospitals, the automotive industry, and even agriculture. XR is not just a tool for medical training, it could fundamentally change the way we learn and work across countless domains.